The Underlying Cause Of Criminal s Minds And How They Are...

For decades’ investigations and detailed studies have been conducted in order to discover the underlying causes of criminal’s minds and how they are developed. Through the years, criminologists have created theories that attempt to prove why criminals commit unlawful acts. At the start of the research it was thought that criminals are developed biologically through genes and hormones. As continued studies were conducted, criminologists decided that psychological reasoning is more efficient in explaining why crimes occur. Factors such as family life and decision making help explain what goes on in a criminal’s mind before committing a crime. Although evidence is proving this true, the debate about whether biology or psychology causes crimes continues to linger. Biological factors still play a minor role in determining what causes the criminal to act out, but psychological evidence proves more cases as time progresses. Psychological evidence is the most beneficial form of evidence in helping criminologists determine how and why criminals preform unlawful deeds. A group of criminologists including a sociologist, psychologist, psychiatrist, anthropologist, and biologist conducted a study on crime and why it occurs in order to determine the causes. They began by attempting to define crime as an anti-social or undesirable behavior, but they continued to dig deeper in research. Eventually, following further discussion, the criminologists began to question if their newly createdShow MoreRelatedRape Can Be Defined As Being Unlawful And Unconsented Vaginal Or Anal Penetration?1546 Words   |  7 Pageswill be critically evaluating Rape as an act of criminal behaviour. The cognitive approach will be focussing on learnt behaviour, cycles of abuse and normalisation of coercive violent sex through early childhood experiences and the biological theory will focus on psychosis and the neurobiological explanations of why men rape. This essay will first discuss the biological psychological theory and then discuss the cognitive theories of rape. So what causes people to rape? the evolutionary biological factorsRead MoreThe Social Problem Of Peer Pressure1659 Words   |  7 PagesThe topic pertaining to the social problem that I will be focusing on will be on how peer pressure is correlated to conformity. The sociological perspective I will be applying towards my research will encompass Symbolic Interaction Sociological Perspective. I will be addressing one of the many social problems that many adolescent males undergo. I will be addressing and highlighting adolescence males living in Los Angeles, California who are peer pressured into bullying by their peers and conformingRead MoreA Study On Death Row Inmates Essay1722 Words   |  7 PagesThe brain can be affected by damage and cause behavior to be expressed differently in every person. Events such as a car crash or childhood abuse can affect brain development and function. Damage to certain areas of the brain can have a variety of effects. The hippocampus controls emotio ns and is associated with memory, and the frontal lobe is a brain cortex that controls motor functions, problem solving, memory, language, judgments, social and sexual behavior and impulse. When the frontal lobe orRead More The Psychology Behind the Serial Killer Essay3244 Words   |  13 Pages Does this sound like the heinous acts of Jeffrey Dahmer, Jack The Ripper, or Ted Bundy? How about the petite, pretty, fawnlike, Texas teen named Karla Faye Tucker? A woman? A killer? A sexual predator? Never before had such a thing been heard of, until Miss Tucker. Typically, when one thinks of serial killers, such images as Son of Sam, John Wayne Gacy, or the Boston Strangler, come to mind. Though these men do indeed fit the description, there are many myths and misconceptions surroundingRead MoreThe Theory Of Crime And Crime2709 Words   |  11 Pagesforces which help to define crime in practice within a specific society. The most commonly accepted definition of crime is ‘an act that is capable of being followed by criminal connections. (w.mccorkle, 1959, p. 46 to 48) Review of the literature Criminology focuses on the causes, incidences and control of individual and group criminal behaviour. In criminology, there are many theories that focus on causal analysis of the crime. They are termed as the crime-causation theories. These theories aim atRead MoreEssay on Criminological Theories13456 Words   |  54 PagesStudent Study Guide for Ronald L. Akers and Christine S. Sellers’ Criminological Theories: Introduction, Evaluation, and Applications Fourth Edition Prepared by Eric See Youngstown State University Roxbury Publishing Company Los Angeles, California 1 Student Study Guide by Eric See for Criminological Theories: Introduction, Evaluation, and Application , 4th Edition by Ronald L. Akers and Christine S. Sellers Copyright  © 2004 Roxbury Publishing Company, Los Angeles, CaliforniaRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Mental Illness3857 Words   |  16 Pagescurrently many treatments. This paper aims to shed light as to how conditions beyond a person s control, such as mental illnesses like depression or personality disorders can cause these individuals to get into trouble with the law. Methods: Diagnosis and identification of mental conditions that could cause a person to commit crime are examined and contextualized. Genetic causes and research are examined. Results: Symptoms of mental illness can cause people to get into trouble with the law. It is importantRead MoreMental Illness And Depression : How Conditions Beyond A Persons Control?3859 Words   |  16 Pagescurrently many treatments. This paper aims to shed light as to how conditions beyond a persons control, such as mental illnesses like depression or personality disorders can cause these individuals to get into trouble with the law. Methods: Diagnosis and identification of mental conditions that could cause a person to commit crime are examined and contextualized. Genetic causes are examined. Results: Symptoms of mental illness can cause people to get into trouble with the law. It is important for lawRead MoreThe Social Effect of Dangerous Drugs on Communities and the Criminal Justice System1838 Words   |  8 PagesWhat are the social effect of dangerous drugs on communities and the criminal justice system? We as a society have this ability to have to label all things, good and bad. If we didn’t we wouldn’t be able to live with ourselves. I am just joking, what I really mean, is all we hear in the news or read in the paper is how screwed up society really is. How bad the drug problem is. Well first, what are Dangerous Drugs? Drugs are chemicals that change the way a person’s body works. You’ve probably heardRead MoreArticle: The Aspect of Delinquency3972 Words   |  16 Pages(FBI.gov). Cumulatively a little over a million people were arrested in 2010 for varying offenses. Keep in mind these numbers are related to the population of 18 years old and under. Our nations children are in serious trouble, and whats frightening is that these are the people we look to for our future. There have been thousands of studies conducted in an attempt to root out the underlying cause of juvenile delinquency, but there seems to be no clear cut answer. Delinquency prevention offers a

Impact Of Globalization On The Middle Of The Twentieth...

Ever since the beginning of time, man was infatuated by visiting, seeing and interacting with other societies. Over time globalization, as it was termed, accelerated at an exponential rate. There were two rather recent major periods of globalization over the past five hundred years, one which began in the late fifteenth century and the other started in the middle of the twentieth century. Each of these new eras marked developments in advancements in communication, human rights, woman’s rights, religiosity and philosophy, technology and lastly in economics. Europeans in the late fifteenth century were driven to explore. Shipping by sea was becoming popular. In the 1400s many European monarchs faced a problem, as they tried to import spices and silks from China and India, they were threatened by the Ottoman Empire who controlled Eastern Europe as well as the Venetian traders who economically ruled the Mediterranean Sea with high tariffs. To avoid being subservient to the Ottoman s and Venice, the monarchies of Spain and Portugal, as well as other European countries began commissioning fleets of trading ships to find a route to Asia circumventing those locations. The Europeans discovered that by traveling below Africa through the Cape of Good Hope they could reach Asia without much problems. These ships needed to find places to port and the Europeans began setting up port cities along the African coastline. Originally when the Europeans moved into Africa they inhabited theShow MoreRelatedThe Tuna Industry And Its Effects On The Oceanic Ecosystem1046 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. Lastly, the issues of globalization and lack of market regulation will be examined as a cause for the collapse in Atlantic bluefin fisheries. The tuna industry in Japan is having negative environmental impacts on the oceanic ecosystem. The Arguments Despite the unparalleled popularity of bluefin tuna in today’s sushi industry, it has not always been this way. Sushi, prior to the mid-twentieth was a luxury food eaten exclusively during special occasions, andRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1651 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom wide scale and far reaching transformations in Western society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. World War 1 is often seen as a starting event of Modernism. The devastation of Western Civilization in the great war accelerated and strengthened Modernist thinking. Modernism was the most influential literary movement in England and America during the first half of the twentieth century. It had works such as The Waste Land(1922), by T. S. Eliot, Ulysses (1922), by James Joyce. Also includedRead MoreNegative Impacts Of Nationalism1408 Words   |  6 Pagespeople once lived in became a nation of individuals in certain countries that they could call their own. Nationalism has also helped in the improvement of incomes and education by helping those citizens to come together for a common good. The negative impacts of nationalism is the imposing of views on other societies. Religion for example was used as a tool to impose Europes nationalistic views on the countries they conquered. They wanted every country to have European influence and change parts of theirRead MoreThe Changing Non-Western Cultures1499 Words   |  6 Pagesculture (Sayre, 2010, p.419). 3 In the later nineteenth century and early twentieth century, what would a decentering of culture have meant for a given cultural group? Select from among the non-Western cultural groups noted in the text (Native American, Chinese, Indian, Japanese, or African) and research the impact of Western or European cultures on that group. 5 What was the selected non-Western culture like prior to the late nineteenth century? How did it change as a result of European expansionRead MoreEssay Urban Planning1050 Words   |  5 PagesIn the twentieth century, the world witnessed significant changes and an increase in the citys population. Today more than half of global inhabitants live in cities or towns (Clarke, 1980), and most of the modern cities around the world have similar economic structure and social interests (Sassen, 2001). The observer to these cities will notice the common characteristics are much more than differences (Clark, 1996). Many recent studies recognize this phenomenon. One of the importantRead MoreGlobalization Is Not An Irreversible Process1502 Words   |  7 Pages Globalization has become a clichà © in everyday habit, the idea is not new. The initial trend of globalization took place between 1870 and 1914. This was triggered by a combination of falling costs in transportation and a reduction in trade barriers, which opened up the possibility for a productive use of land .This wave of globalization ground to a halt in 1914. Despite unprecedented growth in the economy and the reduction in poverty, the impact of globalization on inequality withinRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On Training And Wellbeing Frameworks1580 Words   |  7 Pagesthe advantages and downsides from the perspective that globalization made in the creating nations in the three vital fields, for example, financial and exchange procedures, instruction and wellbeing frameworks and culture impacts. It is compr ises of four sections. In passage one, the advantages and burden of globalization in the monetary and exchange forms field will be talked about. At that point, in passage two, the effect of globalization on training and wellbeing frameworks in both sides willRead MoreThe Evolution Of Management Theory1026 Words   |  5 Pagesmanagement theories, efficiency was thought to be the most important. However, in today’s workplace; contingency and chaos are the most prominent of management theories (Chon, 2016). Organizational theory is considered very important in this age of globalization simply because it can maximize efficiency and productivity if applied correctly. This is important when it comes to achieving organizational goals. Factory production is one example of how development in organizational theory improves efficiencyRead MoreWhat ´s Bugetary Globalization?1081 Words   |  5 PagesBudgetary globalization made turmoil on the planet economy at the end of the twentieth century, however the Western economies utilizing business frameworks could exchange work to administrations, to rearrange their substantial businesses and to switch to workstations. The Soviet Union couldnt keep up. For example, when Gorbachev came to power in 1985, there were 50,000 Pcs in the Soviet Union; in the United States there were 30 million. Four years after the fact, there were something like 400,000Read MoreThe American Model Of Research Oriented Education1518 Words   |  7 Pageshubs of globalizat ion, aggressively searching abroad for applicants and adapting organizational structures and images to better compete with the growing number of universities entering the international scene. These universities, however, were not originally designed for the middle class which they now serve. The roots of the American model grew out of the European model during colonial times. It was the early American settlers who brought with them the Oxbridge model in the 17th century. The American

Cross Cultural Project Puerto Rican - 924 Words

Tania Darosa Professor Livingstone Introduction to Cross-Cultural Project 9-30-15 Puerto Rican is the populations and residents of Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico is a multi-ethnic state where home is different ethnic to people and nationwide backgrounds, but the result of some Puerto Ricans does not luxury their population as an ethnicity, but as a nationality with numerous civilizations and nationwide backgrounds including the Puerto Rican people. Puerto Rican is and notwithstanding its multi-ethnic structure of the culture apprehended in a joined by the greatest Puerto Ricans was signified to as conventional Puerto Rican culture. A Western culture is the large consequential from the civilizations of Western European immigrants from the beginning of the early Spanish immigrants as along with other Europeans received afterward such as the Corsicans Irish, Germans and French, lengthways with a heavy-duty West African culture which has been powerful. According to a (Rivera, M (n.d.). People. Retrieved September 27, 2015) â€Å"Puerto Ricans are known for their warm hosp itality, often considered very friendly and expressive to strangers. Greetings are often cordial and genuine. When people are first introduced, a handshake is usual, however, close friends and family members always greet you hello or goodbye with a kiss on the cheek or a combination hug and kiss. This happens between female friends and between men and women, but not between male friends. Puerto Ricans are best known byShow MoreRelatedWho Is Hispanic? : An Individual Of Cuban928 Words   |  4 PagesWho is Hispanic? The conceptual definition for the word Hispanic used in this paper is: an individual of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish-speaking country, culture or origin. 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The early partRead MoreEssay on American Intervention in Cuba and Puerto Rico5520 Words   |  23 Pagessubsequent occupation of Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines as a bequest, an opportunity to enjoy previously unknown individual liberties, political self-determination and potential economic prosperity. Other historians have characterized the actions of the United State s as nothing short of exploitative imperialism, designed to subjugate those who it considered inferior to a state of political and economic servitude. What is clear is that, in Cuba and Puerto Rico, many viewed the American involvementRead MoreDifferent Definitions For Cultural Competency1660 Words   |  7 PagesThere are various definitions for cultural competency depending on the various, but each definition relates to one thing, understanding an environment other than your own. In the Psychology dictionary, cultural competency is defined as, â€Å"Taking ownership of the abilities and insight which are recommended for and particular to a chosen culture.† To be culturally competent, one must possess the capacity to work effectively with people from a variety of ethnic, cultural, political, economic, and religiousRead MoreUnderstanding A Culture Is A Complex Task For Anyone1534 Words   |  7 Pagesand about 10% have a nonfatal injury severe enough to be evaluated an emergency room (HealthyPeople.gov, 2016). About 3% of Mexican-American adults have had a stroke. Among them, a few have had a previous stroke. (Association, 2013). Commonly, Puerto Rican and Mexican-American adults are twice as likely to acquire diabetes as non-Hispanic whites of like age. (HealthyPeople.gov, Healthy People 2020, 2016). The US rate of doctor-diagnosed diabetes in 2007 was 10.4% total and 11.9 % for Mexican-AmericanRead MoreOutline of a Kpop Informative Speech Essays1443 Words   |  6 Pagesare taken into consideration and if needed changes will be made. d. There are different types of idol singers, there are the solos, the boy group/band, the girl group/band, the coed group/band and the duo. I got my information from Sarah Leung’s project of Vassar College on page 5. [explain pictures] http://digitalwindow.vassar.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1151context=senior_capstone (Link: Bubble popping into the global scene) III. Global acknowledgment is greatly due to the ever growingRead More Race, Urban Poverty, and Public Policy2419 Words   |  10 Pageswhich weaves throughout many of the studies reviewed here is the dynamics of migration. In When Work Disappears, immigrants provide comparative data with which to highlight the problems of ghetto poverty affecting blacks. 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When further investigated that data went on to conclude that â€Å"family reasons† specifically meant that the family had in some way held the studentRead MoreThe Effects of Culture and Ethnicity on Tobacco Prevention and Cessation5317 Words   |  21 Pages2012; CDC, 2007; CDC, 2010; Current Tobacco Use, 2011). Cultural competency - Definition Cultural competence describes the capability to have interaction successfully with individuals of various cultures, especially within the perspective of human resources, charitable not-for-profit agencies, and government departments whose staff work together with individuals from various cultural/ethnic backdrops (Martin and Vaughn, 2007). Cultural competence consists of 4 elements: (a) Understanding of onesRead MoreThe Golden Era of East Coast Hip-Hop2032 Words   |  9 Pagessailors  introduced  Toasting’  in the 1960s at dances termed  Ã¢â‚¬ËœBlues dances’,  whilst in port. The advent of Hip-hop culture can be traced back to the ever more widespread block parties of New York City (1973), where a cross cultralization of African Americans and Puerto Ricans began in the South Bronx. These block parties mostly comprised of DJs playing vernacular genres such as soul, funk and disco, DJ Kool Herc amongst them, was credited with the development of East coast hip-hop, his technique

Plato v Socrates regards to Family free essay sample

Philosophers are some of the most influential people in our worlds history. Aristotle and Plato are two of the more significant, and we can see their teachings and philosophies throughout society today. The views that they have in regards to the role of family and how that role is played out in their respective views of government differ. We will explore what these differences are and why my views side with Aristotle. The family is an association established by nature for the supply of mens every- day wants. pg100. Here Aristotle is explaining that a family is established to fill a persons need for companionship. I feel that all men have a need to feel wanted and also have a desire to protect what is theirs. Having a family gives a man the sense of being needed, needed for the basic necessities of food, shelter and protection. But when several families are united, and the association aims at something more than the supply of daily needs, then comes into existence the village. pg100. While the family unit itself is important it is Just a building block for something better. Villages are an important building block in society. In the village families can come together and trade goods and services. Families can work together to establish rules and regulations to guide everyday living. Groups of families together offer better protection than single families alone. When several villages are united in a single community, perfect and large enough to be nearly or quite self-sufficing, the state comes into existence. Originating in the bare needs of life, and continuing in existence for the sake of a good life. pg100. Finally when we group several villages together we get the state. The state offers more to the families than the villages. I like Aristotles view of the importance of the amily unit and how the family unit slowly grows into a state, and then to the birth of the United States. Many families came over on boats and founded small villages, which then banded together to make cities, the cities to make states and ultimately the states to make this nation. I believe the growth of a state from a family unit to be a natural progression. Like minded people coming together for a common good, sharing their talents and values, to make life better for themselves and the others around them. The distinction which is made between the king and the statesman is as follows: When the government is personal, the ruler is a king; when, according to the rules of the political science, the citizens rule and are ruled in turn, then he is called a statesman. pg99. So we have all these families that have come together to form the state and from these families we have citizens. Family members are citizens. Citizens are then chosen to be statesmen and rule the state. In this case only men are allowed to be citizens and therefore statesmen. I personally do not agree with Aristotle on this, because women have proven to be effective leaders, but I do agree ith the premise of citizen rulers. All these women are to belong to all these men in common, and no woman is to live privately with any man. And the children, in their turn, will be in common, and neither will a parent know his own off- spring, nor a child his parent. BookV457c,d. unit is unnecessary and that no one should know who their parents are or who their children are. This is a very different view on the f amily from Aristotle. Plato does not believe in the man, women and child type of family like Aristotle. Based on no support for the nuclear family I cannot support Platos view of family. here is a need for the best men to have intercourse as often as possible with the best of women, and the reverse for the most ordinary men with the most ordinary women; and the offspring of the former must be reared but not that of the others, if the flock is going to be of the most eminent quality. And all this must come to pass without being noticed by anyone except the rulers themselves if the guardians herd is to be as free as possible from ; faction. BookV459d,e. Platos view that one should not know who their children are, or who their parents are is rooted in the belief that avoritism will ruin everything. He believes that loyalty to the state will only be achieved when one has no other loyalties. I totally disagree with this viewpoint. I believe that man will work together for the good of each mans family as well as each other. The offspring of the good, I suppose, they will take to the pen or cr ©che, to certain nurses who live apart in a quarter of the city, but the offspring of the inferior, and any of those of the other sort who are born defective, they will properly dispose of in secret, so that no one will know what has become of them. BookV460c. Here Plato is discussing the fact that only those offspring who are deemed good will be allowed to live and all other offspring are to be killed. So Plato wants communal families, sleep with everyone else of your stature so no one knows who the father is. When the babies are born if they are from a certain group of people they will be raised by nurses away from the city. If you are born from another group of people, or have some issue, you will be killed in secret. This is done so that no one knows who the parents are or who the children belong to but it also is a type of genetic engineering. By only allowing babies to be born that were bred between certain types of people and killing all others he is trying to promote some type of master race. To believe that someone who is not born from a certain group of people cannot be a benefit to the state and needs to be killed is not the viewpoint that I can support. Lives should be cherished, no matter what race or social background they may come from. Do not therefore, my excellent friend, I said, instruct the boys in these studies by force, but in play, so that you will also see better what each of them is by nature fitted for. pgl 87537. Here Plato is talking about the need for the children to be taught in the areas of music, mathematics and gymnastics while being closely watched to see which ones show ability in all areas. Those that show potential during training will then be sent to be trained in the way of the Philosopher King. These are the children that were born to the good men and women as discussed earlier. So now Plato wants to teach all these children in different areas to determine what they excel at. Those that excel in certain areas will then be segregated from the rest and be trained in the ays of the Philosopher King. Then from this group one will be chosen to rule over all. Again, Platos view on the role of family in government is very different from Aristotles. I am unable to agree with anything Plato has to say on family and the role they play in government because I believe families are the building block for all Aristotles vision for government rule is born out of the basic family structure. Man marries woman, has children, provides for, nurtures and leads his family. These family units come together to form a village with the family unit still intact. The men ork together to further not Just their own family but the rest of the village. Before long these villages come together to form states. By forming these states the villages believe that they can further increase the benefit of all people, including their own families. The driving force behind the need for states is mans desire to make life better for himself and his family. This is done by these family leaders (citizens) working together to rule that state as statesmen. Plato on the other hand shows no respect for the family unit. He believes that selected men and women should be allowed to breed with no knowledge of who their ffsprings are. In a sense he is saying that enlightened people know what is best for all and that if you are not one of the chosen people your offspring, or any offspring that is found defective, should be killed. Those that are found to pass the test are then sent away from the people to be raised and educated by the state. Out of those children some will be determined to have the right aptitude to be rulers and will receive addition training to that end. The Philosopher King will then be chosen from this select few who have been raised away from the state, by the state, and with no dentity except for what is being taught to them from the state. As we have shown Plato and Aristotle had two totally different views on family and their role in the government. If you ask people of today who they agree with you will find that both have support. Even though I do not completely agree with Aristotle and his view of family and its role in government it lines up more along the lines of my belief. Family is something that is to be admired and treasured, not something to be taken for granted.

Jazz Concert Report

Table of Contents Introduction Effects of Performance on the Mind Moods and Expectations Improvisation Interaction during Performance Conclusion Works Cited Introduction As a genre of music, Jazz has been very difficult to define relative to other genres of music. This difficulty arises due to its ever-evolving nature that allows it to borrow from other genres and fuse different musical styles yet maintaining its identity.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Jazz Concert specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Jazz has been identified with its origin in America as a black man’s music due to its origin with the black American who developed it and used it as a tool for identity. The difference between jazz and other music genres is that each jazz musician usually comes up with his or her own style and composition through the beats and arrangement of the different musical keys. Although people identify it as a very simple music that can be easily listened and followed by any individual without any musical background, it also comes out as a very complex kind of music due to the way the beats are arranged and played out. Listening to jazz creates different kinds of feelings in an individual. The paper presents a description of jazz music based on a concert performance I attended. Effects of Performance on the Mind Listening to jazz performance gives different feelings to the listener depending on the type of jazz music being played and the mood of the individual listener. Listening to soul jazz leaves a very different feeling within a person because of the way the music plays to the ears and the mind of the individual. When jazz is played, it takes away all the attention of the individual. Therefore, one is able to concentrate on every single beat that is being played. The uniqueness of jazz to the mind comes about from the nature of many jazz compositions, which are unique to each individual c omposer (Stolz 2). After listening to a soul jazz performance, the writer finds that there was calmness at first in the mind of the writer as he kept on listening to the initial beats while trying to connect the rhythm of the specific play. This brought about the serenity of mind that is usually associated with inner peace. One element about jazz music is that it takes few moments of an individual to pick up the rhythm and the beats before he or she can start enjoying the music. Therefore, it requires one to be attentive at first, thus calling the listener to shut everything else to give the wholes stage of the mind to the music. Going to listen to a jazz performance, the writer did not have any predetermined reactions expected from the music other than to listen and plainly enjoy the evening. In the performed piece, the main instruments were the Hammond organ, drums, and the tenor saxophone (Longuet-Higgins and Lee 427).Advertising Looking for report on art and design? Let's s ee if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When played, the Hammond organ brought about a tranquil ambience that would be disrupted by the saxophone to draw the attention of the audience to the work being done on the stage. When soul jazz is played out, it creates a nostalgic mood that reminds the writer of some past moments of life. It creates a memory lane that one walks through as the beats play out. The monotonic beat of drums holds the whole memory lane narrative as the saxophone leads the mind. Moods and Expectations The expectations of the writer affected his mood when he left the concert. Whereas he expected to listen to music, the ambience that came out of the performance was very relaxing. It gave some mind-provoking thoughts as the writer tried to retrace the performance later on. The writer left the concert more relaxed relative to when he came in because the quality of music that came out due to improvisation was amazing. Watching a jaz z concert is unique in its own way because of the way the audience applauses after any piece has been performed. This generated excitement within the writer as he realized the sharing of the same feeling with other members of the audience (Kamin 285). The writer came out of the concert in an excited spirit by feeling happy about how he had spent his time by maintaining the value for his money. After having attended other music concerts before, jazz performance was unique in its own way because of the element of surprise that would come from the performance. Whereas other concerts were predictable in a way, the jazz concert was very unpredictable due to improvisation by the individual performers. The ability to remix some old pieces with beats from different backgrounds while maintaining the identity of the original piece was amazing. It left the writer excited about how good music can be. Improvisation Improvisation in music can be described as the creation of original works in real time as the performer belts out the performance on stage. As Johnson- Laird explains, â€Å"Improvisation depends on the ability to extemporize new melodies that fit the chord† (415). During the concert, the day’s performance was Gershwin’s rendition. The improvisation beat was achieved through the drums, which were played in a random rhythm that clearly was not part of the scrip, but was infused in the whole piece and fitted in as if it had been rehearsed. The exciting bit about improvisation is evident when the player does it singularly or when the whole group is doing it. This technique was so exciting due to the ability of performers to keep track of the whole performance and/or exit the improvisation without losing their beat. Improvisation in this case brought about excitement in the writer. It led the writer to try to hum along the beat as he kept track of the beat. The most intriguing thing about improvisation is that it is unpredictable and that only t he performer has a clue about what is going to happen next.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Jazz Concert specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This left the writer confused at some moments because the unpredictability of the beats could easily set in with a new tune, thus throwing everyone off track. This style is what makes jazz unique when compared to other forms of music because the melodies have to fit with the chord sequence (Johnson- Laird 415). Improvisation leads to the infusion of different music techniques as performers play out during the concert. During the improvisation section of the music, provocative competence drew my attention most as it cut clearly through the scripted performance to bring out a strange beat in the presentation. The beat was louder relative to all the others besides being more aggressive to the ears. This was mostly done using the saxophone and the Hammond Organ. Barrett describes this mode of improvisation as â€Å"interrupting habit patterns† (607). Although improvisation is usually random, experts believe that most performers rely on stock phrases that they trust so that their performances do not run the risk of becoming incoherent. The performance emulated Ronny Scott’s improvisation styles by using the saxophone more. The style was then backed by the rehearsed beats from other instruments for the recital to maintain its rehearsed track. Chord substitutions were also used in performance to achieve rhythm changes as an improvisation technique. According to Hodson, this technique can be traced back to the 1963 performance by Thelonious Monk’s â€Å"Rhythm A Ning† (68). This form of improvisation brought about intellectual stimulation due to its complex nature. Some pieces of improvisation can be described as simple while others need high technical abilities for the performer to achieve them, thus bordering on intellectual capabi lities. Interaction during Performance Jazz performance is usually a team play. As a result, it requires the interaction between performers themselves as well as the interaction between the performers and audience. Upon watching this jazz performance at a local club, it unfolded out as all other jazz performances. At first, the performers concentrated on their individual instruments as they introduced the performance slowly. At this point, interaction between the group and the audience was minimal. In fact, it changed as the beats started ascending. The middle of the performance ushered in the interaction between performers as saxophonist moved to where the drummer was positioned to play as they danced to the rhythm created by the saxophone. This created a form of communication between performers as their input continued to increase with the tempo. At the same time, as the performance kept on picking. The audience too swung into action as some of them started dancing to the tune and applauding the performance. This spurred the performers to turn to the audience with the saxophonist using the mobile ability to move into the crowd as it played. Applause from the crowd simply animated the performers more and more as the concert hit a crescendo with the performers playing more aggressively.Advertising Looking for report on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kamin compares the reaction of the audience in a jazz performance with that of a rock performance where he finds out that the two performances are similar concerning synergy (280). Whereas a rock performance has a lot of energy, the crowd’s reaction is proportional to the energy of the performance. In case of the jazz performance I attended, the crowd kept swinging according to the beats and rhythm. Every single piece had the crowd applauding at the end while the performers always had a word of thanksgiving. Another way the performers used as an interacting mode was the introduction of a piece of music before the band started playing. This automatically connected the writer with the piece that was going to be played. Jazz pieces always connect an individual to the performance because they require all the attention for the different beats to make sense. Conclusion Following and understanding jazz takes a considerable amount of time and knowledge. However, it is crucial to poin t out that jazz can still be enjoyed by an individual without trying to find out the specific category of jazz. In fact, unlike other genres of music, jazz evolves all the time with a lot of improvisation from individual groups, which fuses so many different styles that cannot be casually defined in the end. Works Cited Barrett, Frank. â€Å"Creativity and Improvisation in Jazz and Organizations: Implications for Organizational Learning.† Organizational Science 9.5 (1998): 605-625. Print. Hodson, Robert. Interaction, Improvisation and Interplay in Jazz. New York (NY): Routledge, 2007. Print. Johnson- Laird, Philip. â€Å"How Jazz Musicians Improvise.† Music Perceptions 19.3 (2002): 415-442. Print. Kamin, Jonathan. â€Å"Parallels in the Social Reactions to Jazz and Rock.† The Black Perspective in Music 3.3(1975): 278-298. Print. Longuet-Higgins, Herbert and Charles Lee. â€Å"The Rhythmic Interpretation of Monophonic Music.† Music Perception 1.1(1984): 42 4-441. Print. Stolz, Nolan. â€Å"Teaching Jazz Improvisation Using Macro Analytical Techniques.† Musical Insights 4.1(2013): 1-20. Print. This report on Jazz Concert was written and submitted by user A1den to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How a Forester Begins a Career

How a Forester Begins a Career Entering and completing a forestry career can be the most rewarding thing a person can do in ones lifetime. If you become familiar with the expectations, can accept demanding entry-level work and have a true love of forests and nature, you will do just fine. Most successful foresters know this and earn the title of successful resource manager. Many consider them true naturalists. Every foresters goals should be working toward becoming a proficient and complete natural resource scientist with a willingness to change. A forester must be flexible to change which will include dealing with shifting forest management priorities, influencing popular political environmental and energy policies plus understanding climate change concerns while utilizing forests for dozens of uses. So, how do you start the process of becoming a graduate forester? Q: Do you have to be a forester to have a career in the forest? A: I frequently get employment, career and job questions on forestry and becoming a forester or forestry technician. Just how do you begin a forestry career or find a job with a conservation organization or company? According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the largest employer of forestry personnel...read more. Q: What should you expect to do as a new forester?A:There arent many careers where you do so much with such variation! Foresters spend considerable time outdoors the first years of their careers. Typical entry-level responsibilities might include measuring and grading trees, evaluating insect outbreaks, conducting land surveys, working in...read more. Q: Who will hire you as a forester?A:The Department of Labors Occupational Outlook Handbook says Conservation scientists and foresters held about 39,000 jobs. Nearly 3 out of 10 workers were in the Federal Government, mostly in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Foresters were concentrated in the USDAs Forest Service...read more. Q: What training is required to be a forester?A:Of all the professions, forestry may be the most misunderstood of the lot. Many kids and adults asking me about becoming a forester havent a clue that it takes a four-year degree or higher. The stereotypical picture is of a job spent in the forest, or...read more. Q: Do foresters have to be licensed?A:Fifteen states have mandatory licensing or voluntary registration requirements that a forester must meet in order to acquire the title professional forester and practice forestry in the state. In many cases you do not have to be licensed if you work on federal...read more. Q: What are the chances of new foresters finding jobs?A:If you are a new forester and using this FAQ, the odds of you finding a forestry job have just dramatically increased. Information included here will get you started in a big way and uses the Internet to the fullest extent....read more. Q: What are some tips on finding forestry employment?A:First, be working on a bachelors or technical degree in forestry. Decide in what area of forestry you want to work (state, federal, industry, consulting, academic)...read more. Q: What are future prospects for finding a job as a forester?A:Here are some predictions from the Department of Labor:Employment of conservation scientists and foresters is expected to grow about as fast as the average for all occupations through 2008. Growth should be strongest in State and local governments and in research and testing services, where demand ...read more. Q: How much money do foresters make?A:The Occupational Outlook Handbook reports that Median annual earnings of foresters in 2008 was $53,750. The middle 50 percent earned between $42,980 and $65,000. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $35,190 and the highest 10 percent earned...read more.

The Effects of Budget Shifts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Effects of Budget Shifts - Essay Example None of us at that point imagined the far reaching effects of that day. The concrete and twisted metal may be gone now from Ground Zero, but we are still left to clean up the remainder of the rubble that was left in its wake. We are faced with too few dollars and too much to do. 9/11 and its aftermath has forced us to shift from concentrating on routine law enforcement functions to that of developing and sustaining expensive anti-terrorism programs. The already strained California budget needs to address both funding for anti-terrorism and meeting the needs of its citizens. The question becomes how do we balance both and how has this shift impacted the people of California. At the onset of researching this topic it was necessary to understand the current climate of the California residents and how they view the impact the increased anti-terrorism initiatives have had on their lives. I have found numerous articles addressing the current budget crisis as it relates to anti-terrorism program expenditures. Following are several examples representing the climate since the initiatives have been launched. September 5, 2004 an article appeared in the San Francisco Chronicle. It stated that "officials have used federal anti-terrorism money to purchase equipment and cover police work not directly related to the war on terror. As a result, nearly half of California's security funding through the last fiscal year, about $128 million, went to areas outside the five counties with the state's top 10 terrorist targets. Almost $8 million flowed to counties with no targets whatsoever." (Newspapers: California, n.p.) The article went on to say that there were no policies in place to direct local agencies on how appropriated money should be spent. Even more frightening the articled continued "Although federal spending for homeland security is expected to climb over the next five years to $27 billion, emergency first responders could require as much as four times that amount, experts say. But Congress may not make that available if it determines that state and local officials have spent the fundin g on needs other than protecting against terrorism." (Newspapers: California, 2004, n.p.) With spiraling costs and a lack of direction by federal government on what they consider appropriate, expenditures could force California further into financial crisis. It appears that there is a severe lack of coordination in the dispensing of federal aid to states in support of anti-terrorism programs. It was reported in The Daily Californian October 6, 2004 that "The Department of Homeland Security has made more than $175 million in grants available to California in 2004. But some local emergency response officials said red tape attached to the department's grants has needlessly hindered their work." (Wohlsen, n.p.) To make matters worse the article said that often agencies must first pay for the anti-terrorism programs or equiptment out of their own budget and then wait for reimbursement from the federal government. This often creates additional problems as the amount of money needed often exceeds the funds that these agencies