Quality Enhancement Policy Essay Example for Free

Quality Enhancement Policy Essay 1.1 Introduction and Background The Government of Pakistan established Higher Education Commission (HEC) in 2002 to facilitate growth of indigenous universities of Pakistan to become centers of quality of education and research and development. Though this process, HEC aims to play its role in building of knowledge-based economy in Pakistan. In order to achieve this goal, HEC has undertaken a systematic plan of implementation that is 5year Medium Term Development Framework (MTDF). The main aim of HEC was to focus on quality and relevance (HEC, 2010). The core strategic areas of MTDF are: 1- Faculty development 2- Improving enrollment 3- Quality in learning and research 4- Importance to national plan These plans are supported by well-integrated crosscutting themes for developing leadership, governance and management, enhancing quality assessment and accreditation, and physical and technological infrastructure development, (Batool, 2010). HEC introduces quality enhancement cell in universities for maintaining and improving the academic quality in the country by establishing that criteria are being met and educational activities are also in an agreement with the plans of the commission. According to international practices and development, HEC improves plans in order to more improve the standards. HEC intends to achieve excellence in the higher education and by taking major initiatives to develop the performance of universities and started up with the primary step of outlining the performance evaluation standards for the universities. For this, numbers of documents are defined, every document of these articulates a detailed element of the institutional quality. Therefor these documents are equally important for achieving the desired certifications to quality enhancement in higher education (Batool, 2010). Self-Assessment is an essential element in completing the HEC recognition. The recommendations for Self-Assessment are published as â€Å"The Manual for Self-Assessment† for the purpose of implementation at department / programed level in the universities. The complete practices of Internal Quality Assurance (IQA) are controlled by the QECs established under the umbrella of the Quality Assurance Agency (QAA) of HEC at the universities and consequently develop an integral part of the universities concerned. Furthermore the QECs also work in management with authorization bodies to make the process of program level accreditation. However, the institutional act of evaluation has many more measurements with greater complexity, (HEC, 2006).This thesis defines the Institutional performance evaluation standards and to make sure that quality establishment is certified by the HEC for the universities. The institutional act assessment comes under the Purview of the HEC whereas this process is dated by the results of IQA Exercise done by the universities through implementation of the â€Å"Self-Assessment Model†. The effects of Self-Assessment will agree to the process of Performance Evaluation Standards for the HEIs to be directed by the HEC in line with best performs of External Quality Assurance (Raouf,2010). The Higher Education Commission is working for continuous improvement of these standards and their effectiveness. The HEC through QAA will assess individual institutions periodically established on the performance evaluation standards defined here. These periodic reviews will be shown from side to side an arrangement of On-Site Assessment by Performance Assessment Teams under the direction of QAA. The quality standards observed by a university will be documented only as a result of successful performance assessment reviews through evaluation of institutional successes against pre-defined principles (HEC, 2011). To sustain academic quality and standards in higher education the institutions need to be professional, creative and innovative. The vision, mission and objectives are the essential values when applied in its principle, examined and measured are likely to be fruitful. The motivation of assigning all these movements and applying them under the authority of QEC is not only to emphasize on maintaining the best faculty, administrative staff and students but to be best in research, emerging interdisciplinary courses, academic performance, strategic and integrated academic planning (GCU, 2011) Quality in academic development means agreement of all the stakeholders where the challenge is to deliver education which is continuously improving and is at the same level with the international standards. In recent years it has become a requirement that institutions of higher education demonstrate the success of their academic programs in providing high quality education that impacts the concerned stakeholders. The Higher Education Commission develops methods for evaluating the quality of academic programs (Kanwal, 2007). Moreover with the establishment of Quality Assurance Agencies at Higher Education Commission, it was decided in the National Quality Assurance Committee (NQAC) meeting that Quality Enhancement Cells will be established at all universities to make stronger the internal quality assurance procedure with a special emphasis on the quality of higher education to fill the gap between the fundamental and the desired status of quality education, (HEC,2011). The matter of quality is being known as the major issue confronting the higher education sector in the Medium Term Development Framework (MTDF). Therefore, to enhance the quality of output and efficiency of the higher education learning systems, a mechanism for the establishment of QECs has been developed by the Quality Assurance Committee to improve the standards of quality of higher education in a systematic way with uniformity across the country. The Higher Education Commission (HEC) established Quality Enhancement Cells (QECs) at ten public sector universities in 2006-07 whereas in 2007-08 more twenty QECs were established in the remaining public sector universities for enhancement of their academic, teaching and learning standards. The QEC family is being extended to additional fifteen public sectors and fifteen private sector universities in 2009-10 and twenty four in public sector universities in 2010-11 (Zafar, 2006). At the moment, the HEC has given incentives to encourage research, appoint foreign faculty, funds for workshops and conferences, and granting scholarship to go overseas to present research or do postgraduate research. It shows the deep concern of HEC regarding QA. The quality of research is a special focus and HEC has developed a zero-tolerance policy for plagiarism, (kanwal, 2007) It has established a QA Cell that states the necessity to improve a culture of assessment is always together with the concept of quality. Both internal self-evaluation and external reviews are dynamic components of any well-developed quality assurance system. It is entirely critical to monitor and control growth of sub-standard institutions of higher learning. A comprehensive multi-level mechanism of accreditation is to be developed to make sure establishment of quality education. Qualification needs to occur at the department or program level, as well as the Institutional level. (HEC, 2011) 1.2FUNCTIONS OF THE QUALITY ENHANCEMENT CELLS 1. The Quality Enhancement Cell (QEC) is to be supervised by a Dean reporting directly to Vice Chancellor/Rector. 2. QEC is responsible for maintaining public confidence that the quality and standards of the reward of degrees are improved and secured. 3. QEC is responsible for the review of quality standards and the quality of teaching and learning in each subject area. 4. QEC is responsible for the assessment of academic affiliations with other institutions in terms of effective management of standards and quality of programs. 5. QEC is responsible for essential clear and explicit standards as points of reference to the evaluations to be carried out. It should also help the employees to know as to what they could expect from candidates. 6. QEC is responsible to improve qualifications framework by setting out the qualities and skills that can be expected from the holder of a qualification, i.e. Bachelors, Bachelor with Honors, Master’s, M. Phil., and Doctoral. 7. QEC is respon sible to improve program qualifications. These are standard set of information clarifying what knowledge, understanding, skills and other qualities a student will have developed on successfully completing a Degree. 8. QEC is responsible to improve quality assurance processes and methods of assessment to affirm that the quality of provision and the standard of awards are being maintained and to foster a program of study, subject and staff development, together with research and other academic activities. 9. QEC is responsible to make sure that the universitys quality assurance techniques are designed to fit in with the arrangements in place nationally for maintaining and improving the quality of Higher Education. 10. QEC is responsible to develop procedures for the following: a). New programs approval b). Annual monitoring and evaluation including program, faculty, and students monitoring perception. c). Departmental assessment e). Student comment f). Comments of Employer g). Quality assurance of Masters, M.Phil and Ph.D. degree Programs h). Review of Subjects i). Institutional assessment j). Program specifications k). Qualification framework Universities play a significant role in the overall development of a country, their significance lies not only in providing degrees, but also in producing quality human resources for various zones of the economy (GIKI, 2011).To succeed this goal, Quality Assurance Agency (QAA) has designed some guiding principle to evaluate the quality of education in Pakistan to the ever changing conditions and global needs (HEC, 2011). It is state that Higher Education’s unique and symbolic phase is Quality Enhancement in Pakistan by IMscience that Importance of Quality can be understood from the fact that rapid development in higher education requires Quality Assurance in order to put up with current levels of academic standards and improve modern learning processes (IMScience, 2011).

Who is the Living Christ of Mormonism? :: Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

Who is the Living Christ of Mormonism? "In bearing testimony of Jesus Christ, President Hinckley spoke of those outside the Church who say Latter-day Saints 'do not believe in the traditional Christ.' 'No, I don't. The traditional Christ of whom they speak is not the Christ of whom I speak'" (LDS Church News, week ending June 20, 1998, p.7). "It is true that many of the Christian churches worship a different Jesus Christ than is worshipped by the Mormons or The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints" (LDS Seventy Bernard P. Brockbank, The Ensign, May 1977, p.26 ). Following one of our outreaches at the LDS "Jesus the Christ" pageant in Mesa, Arizona, I overheard a young Mormon girl complain to her friend how one of the Christians tracting the event had said that the Jesus of Mormonism was not the Jesus of the Bible. She was overtaken by such a statement, incredulous that such a comment could be made. "How can that be?" she said. "There is only one Jesus!" It would seem reasonable that if the one to whom Mormons call "the Savior" is in fact the Savior of Scripture, it should be easy to take what the Bible has to say about Jesus and then compare this with what Mormons leaders have said. Logic would demand that the two descriptions should parallel. However, this is where the problem lies. Mormon leaders have described their Jesus as a literal offspring of the one they call Elohim. "The First Presidency of the Church has written, 'God the Eternal Father, whom we designate by the exalted name-title Elohim,' is the literal Parent of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, and of the spirits of the human race" (Messages from the First Presidency 5:26). According to the Encyclopedia of Mormonism (Vol.4, Appendix 4), "Jesus Christ is not the Father of the spirits who have taken or yet shall take bodies upon this earth, for He is one of them. He is The Son, as they are sons and daughters of Elohim." Page 11 of the LDS Church manual Gospel Principles (pg. 11) states, "All men and women are...literally sons and daughters of Deity." This includes the Mormon Jesus. Mormon theology makes a distinction between Elohim and Jehovah. LDS leaders have claimed that these are the names of two separate Gods. Sixth LDS President Joseph F. Smith stated, "Among the spirit children of Elohim, the first-born was and is Jehovah, or Jesus Christ, to whom all others are juniors" (Gospel Doctrine, p. Who is the Living Christ of Mormonism? :: Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Who is the Living Christ of Mormonism? "In bearing testimony of Jesus Christ, President Hinckley spoke of those outside the Church who say Latter-day Saints 'do not believe in the traditional Christ.' 'No, I don't. The traditional Christ of whom they speak is not the Christ of whom I speak'" (LDS Church News, week ending June 20, 1998, p.7). "It is true that many of the Christian churches worship a different Jesus Christ than is worshipped by the Mormons or The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints" (LDS Seventy Bernard P. Brockbank, The Ensign, May 1977, p.26 ). Following one of our outreaches at the LDS "Jesus the Christ" pageant in Mesa, Arizona, I overheard a young Mormon girl complain to her friend how one of the Christians tracting the event had said that the Jesus of Mormonism was not the Jesus of the Bible. She was overtaken by such a statement, incredulous that such a comment could be made. "How can that be?" she said. "There is only one Jesus!" It would seem reasonable that if the one to whom Mormons call "the Savior" is in fact the Savior of Scripture, it should be easy to take what the Bible has to say about Jesus and then compare this with what Mormons leaders have said. Logic would demand that the two descriptions should parallel. However, this is where the problem lies. Mormon leaders have described their Jesus as a literal offspring of the one they call Elohim. "The First Presidency of the Church has written, 'God the Eternal Father, whom we designate by the exalted name-title Elohim,' is the literal Parent of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, and of the spirits of the human race" (Messages from the First Presidency 5:26). According to the Encyclopedia of Mormonism (Vol.4, Appendix 4), "Jesus Christ is not the Father of the spirits who have taken or yet shall take bodies upon this earth, for He is one of them. He is The Son, as they are sons and daughters of Elohim." Page 11 of the LDS Church manual Gospel Principles (pg. 11) states, "All men and women are...literally sons and daughters of Deity." This includes the Mormon Jesus. Mormon theology makes a distinction between Elohim and Jehovah. LDS leaders have claimed that these are the names of two separate Gods. Sixth LDS President Joseph F. Smith stated, "Among the spirit children of Elohim, the first-born was and is Jehovah, or Jesus Christ, to whom all others are juniors" (Gospel Doctrine, p.

Ethical Self- Assessment Essay

Running head: Ethical Assessment Ethical Self-Assessment Ethical Self- Assessment â€Å"The purpose of the American College of Healthcare Executives ethical self-assessment is to help identify an individual’s ethical areas in which they are strong in, or those that need further reflection†, (ACHE, 2012). â€Å"Based on the Code of Ethics, the Ethics Self-Assessment is intended for your personal use to assist you in thinking about your ethics-related leadership and actions†, (ACHE, 2012). It is also advised that the ethics assessement should not be used as a tool to evaluate the behaviors of others (ACHE, 2012). After successful completion of the self-assessment, I learned that I am likely to consider the vision and mission of my organization in my day to day job assignments. There were a lot of the questions in the assessment that did not reflect toward my day to day operations but for those that did, I always used the ethical approach of my organization. I am also one that tries to avoid conflict and controvesy. I know at times these are not easy to avoid but I try to as much as possible. I never promote discussion of controversial issues. This is also another way of avoiding conflict. â€Å"The fundamental objectives of the healthcare management profession are to maintain or enhance the overall quality of life, dignity and well-being of every individual needing healthcare service and to create a more equitable, accessible, effective and efficient healthcare system† (Board of Governors, 2011). My current employment does not deal with direct patient care. I collect data that is used for clinical research for cancer patients but even in the data collection, I am ethical in my approach. I make sure that my data is accurate and collected in a timely manner for the benefit of the treatment outcome of the patient. Although I am not directly working with patients, I still feel that it is my ethical duty to be effective and efficient in my clinical research to provide the patients with the best possible patient care. I also want to be an ethical role model for my fellow employees. I have assisted in the training of new employees. I am very accurate in the collection of my data and I instill that in the employees that I am training. The ACHE Code of Ethics states that, â€Å"It’s necessary to create an organizational environment in which both clinical and management mistakes are minimized and, when they do occur, are disclosed and addressed effectively†, (Board of Governors, 2011). It is your professional and ethical responsibility to report any error that will effective the outcome of a patient. I would have to say that my individual ethics influence my decision making by me being a consciousness person. I have a really guilty conscious about not doing what is right. A guilty conscious allows you to make better decisions and have better actions based off ethical and moral principles. There is always something that chimes in, whenever I feel like the choice I am making is not right. This can be good and bad because in some cases you will have to just do what is best for the situation. Everything does not have a right or wrong. It depends on who is involved with the situation and how they want it handled. A strategic plan to improve ethical decision making in the future, would be to continuing to meet the growing demands of the healthcare field. As a healthcare professional, you have to stay current with the changes. Most licensing bodies require that all medical professionals have to do continuing education courses in order to reinstate healthcare licenses every couple of years. This allows the professional to stay current with all the changes that are happening. In conclusion, as healthcare professional, it is your obligation to continue to work at better ethical behavior for the organization and the patients. It also helps to encourage that same type of environment with fellow co-workers. â€Å"Work to promote a healthy work environment which includes freedom from harassment, sexual and other, and coercion of any kind, especially to perform illegal or unethical acts†, (Board of Governors, 2011). Always report anything that is unethical. The Code of Ethics is always available for any uncertain situations. Reference: ACHE. (2012, July 19). Welcome to ache.org. Retrieved September 6, 2013, from ACHE: http://www.ache.org/ Board of Governors. (2011, November 14). AMERICAN COLLEGE OF HEALTHCARE EXECUTIVES CODE OF ETHICS. pp. 1-2.

The Effects Of Global Warming On Manifest Destiny

The Effects of Global Warming Due to Manifest Destiny Humanity, as a species, has failed to keep our environment safe and sustained. As we advance technologically the earth is getting hotter, potentially so hot that eventually it’ll be uninhabitable(kind of like Mars). Humanity is at fault for this as around the time of the industrial revolution different fuels were being discovered and uses for them created. The use of these fuels (typically burning) cause greenhouse gasses to be trapped in the atmosphere, locking in heat. If humans didn’t have the unquenchable need for advancement, even at the cost of their own planet, we would have never had this issue. Climate change is typically thought to have truly began being discussed when the†¦show more content†¦When manifest destiny began it was entirely focused on westward expansion. Americans had to fight through harsh terrain and gather many resources. The destruction of the environment causing a lack of resources for anyone in their wake, throwing whatever ecosyste m the trailblazers crossed into dysfunction. As a means of protection from a potentially violent Native American tribe, the need for advanced technology began. They needed new guns and new trailblazing items to make things run more efficiently. While this did help those things, it was also hard on any workers that may have been made to create these products. This was part of manifest destiny, the need for new resources, technology, and advancements to make things easier. This led all the way into the industrial revolution. The industrial revolution began as Americans realized they were rich in oil. The factories popping up supplied jobs. The oil supplied the factories. The factories supplied the consumers with variety of items to make their lives easier. Then consumers supplied the rich factory owners by buying their goods. 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